AS350/355

HNK_AS355F2_JA6718_Maishima_20081018-001.jpg
사진은 AS355F2.

AS350 Ecureuil/AS355 Ecureuil II

1 개요

프랑스의 아에로스퍄살사에서 개발되고, 제작사가 유로콥터에 합병된 뒤 쭉 유로콥터에서 제작되는 경헬리콥터. 대략적으로 설명하면 유럽의 Bell 206이라고 할 수 있다. Bell 206과 장단점이 있으나, 대체로 비행성능과 진동등의 면에서 206보다 낫다는 평가를 받는다. 구매 및 유지비가 저렴하고 운영이 편하다는 것이 특징. 350와 355 두 기종의 차이점은 엔진수로 AS355는 안정성을 위해 엔진을 2개로 하여 배기구가 2개인 것으로 구분이 가능하다. 물론 엔진이 2개인지라 가격이 그만큼 상승하여 AS350보다 판매량은 적다. 그래도 두 기종 모두 베스트셀러로서, 두 기종의 군용 버전인 AS550/555 Fennec도 존재한다. 한편 AS350은 이후의 파생형인 EC-130의 기초도 되었다.

2 바리에이션

2.1 AS350

  • 단발엔진
    • AS350 : Prototype.
    • AS350 Firefighter : Fire fighting version.
    • AS350B : Powered by one Turbomeca Arriel 1B engine.
    • AS350 B1 : Improved version of the original AS350B, which is powered by one Arriel 1D engine, type also fitted with AS355 main rotor blades, AS355 tail rotor with tabs and a tail rotor servo.
    • AS350 B2 : Higher gross weight version powered by one Arriel 1D1 engine over the B1 version with aerodynamic strake fitted to tail boom along the starboard side and angled engine exhaust duct for better yaw control.
    • AS350 B3 : High-performance version, is powered by an Arriel 2B engine equipped with a single channel (DECU) Digital Engine Control Unit with a mechanical backup system. This helicopter is the first ever to land on the summit of Mount Everest. AS350 B3/2B1 variant introduces enhanced engine with dual channel (FADEC) Full Authority Digital Engine Control, dual hydraulics and a 2,370 kg (5,225 lb) Maximum Take Off Weight. AS350 B3e (introduced late 2011) equipped with the Arriel 2D engine.
    • AS350 BA : Powered by a Arriel 1B engine and fitted with wider chord AS355 main rotor blades and tail rotor servo.
    • AS350 BB : AS350 B2 variant selected to meet rotary-wing training needs of UK MoD, through its Defence Helicopter Flying School in 1996. Powered by a derated Arriel 1D1 engine to improve the helicopters' life cycle.Eurocopter Squirrel HT.1Designation of AS350BB in operation with British RAF as a training helicopter.Eurocopter Squirrel HT.2Designation of AS350BB in operation with British Army Air Corps as a training helicopter.
    • AS350 C : Initial variant of Lycoming LTS-101-600A2 powered version developed for the North American market as the AStar. Quickly superseded by AS350D.
    • AS350 D :Powered by one Lycoming LTS-101 engine for the North American market as the AStar. At one stage marketed as AStar 'Mark III.'
    • AS350 L1 : Military derivative of AS350 B1, powered by a 510kW (684shp) Turbomeca Arriel 1D turboshaft engine. Superseded by AS350 L2.
    • AS350 L2 : Military derivative of AS350 B2, powered by a 546kW (732shp) Turbomeca Arriel 1D1 turboshaft engine. Designation superseded by AS550 C2.
    • HB350 B Esquilo : Unarmed military version for the Brazilian Air Force. Brazilian designations CH-50 and TH-50. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
    • HB350 B1 Esquilo : Unarmed military version for the Brazilian Navy. Brazilian designation UH-12. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
    • HB350 L1 : Armed military version for the Brazilian Army. Brazilian designation HA-1. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
  • 이후 생산된 버전
    • Soloy Super D1 : AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.Soloy Super D2AS350 B2 powered by an LTS101-700D-2 engine.Heli-Lynx 350FX1AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.Heli-Lynx 350FX2AS350 BA or AS350 B2 powered by an LTS101-700D-2 engine.Otech AS350BA+AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.

2.2 AS355

  • 쌍발엔진
    • AS355 : Prototype of the twin-engined Ecureuil 2 or Twin Squirrel.
    • AS355 E : Initial production version, with single hydraulics, powered by two Allison 250-C20F turboshaft engines.
    • AS355 F : Improved version, with dual hydraulics and increased maximum weight of 2,300 kg (5,070 lb).AS355 F1Powered by two Allison 250-C20F engines, 2,400 kg (5,291 lb) Maximum weight.
    • AS355 F2 : Powered by two Allison 250-C20F engines, 2,540 kg (5,600 lb) Maximum weight and a yaw compensation system.
    • AS355 M : Initial armed version of AS355 F1.
    • AS355 M2 : Armed version of AS355 F2. Superseded by AS555 Fennec.
    • AS355 N Ecureuil : 2Version fitted with two Turbomeca Arrius 1A engines and a Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system for better M.T.O.W (2,600 kg or 5,732 lb) and better single engine performance, tail rotor strake added along starboard side of tail boom for better yaw authority.
    • AS355 NP Ecureuil 2 : Introduced in 2007, this version is fitted with two Turbomeca Arrius 1A1 turboshaft engines and a new AS350 B3-based main gearbox, increasing maximum take-off weight to 2,800 kg (6,173 lb).3HB.355F Esquilo BiAssembled in Brazil by Helibras (part of Eurocopter).HB.355N Esquilo BiAssembled in Brazil by Helibras.
  • 이후 나온 새로운 버전들
    • Heli-Lynx 355FX1 : Powered by the Allison C20F engine. FAA, TC, and EASA approved.
    • Heli-Lynx 355FX2 : Powered by the Allison C20F engine. FAA,TC and EASA approved.
    • Heli-Lynx 355FX2R : Powered by the Allison C20R engine. FAA and TC approved.
    • Starflex AS355F1R : AS355 F1 powered by the Allison C20R engine. FAA, TC and EASA approved.
    • Starflex AS355F2R : AS355 F2 Powered by the Allison C20R engine with optimised tail rotor blades. FAA, TC and EASA approved.

3 제원

3.1 AS350 B3

Crew: 1
Capacity: 5
Length: 10.93 m (35 ft 10½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.7 m (35 ft 1 in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966.1 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,174 kg (2,588 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,250 kg (4,960 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Turbomeca Arriel 2B turboshaft, 632 kW (847 shp)

Never exceed speed: 287 km/h (155 knots, 178 mph)
Cruise speed: 245 km/h (132 knots, 152 mph)
Range: 662 km (357 nmi, 411 mi)
Endurance: 4.1 hrs
Service ceiling: 4,600 m (15,100 ft)
Rate of climb: 8.5 m/s (1,675 ft/min)

출처 : Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory(1999/2000)

3.2 AS355F2

Crew: 1
Capacity: 6
Length: 12.94 m (42 ft 5½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.69 m (35 ft 0¾ in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,305 kg (2,877 lbs)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,540 kg27 (5,732 lbs)
Powerplant: 2 × Allison 250-C20F turboshaft, 313 kW (420 shp) each

Performance
Never exceed speed: 278 km/h (150 knots, 172 mph)
Cruise speed: 224 km/h (121 knots, 139 mph)
Range: 703 km (380 nm, 437 mi)
Service ceiling: 3,400 m (11,150 ft)
Rate of climb: 6.5 m/s (1,280 ft/min)

출처 : Jane's All The World's Aircraft.(1988/19898)

4 등장매체

  • 바이오하자드 시리즈에서 등장한다. 정확히는 바이오하자드 2로 RPD 생존자들이 탄 헬기지만 옥상에서 구조를 기다리는 동료가 좀비들에게 물리며 허공을 향해 발사한 MP5의 탄들이 조종사를 맞아 그대로 추락한다. 이후 헬기 잔해에 난 불을 끄고 수색하면 아이템이 나온다.#